13 September 2014
Last updated at 12:44
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Ukrainian PM Arseniy Yatsenyuk: "Russia is a threat to the global order"
Ukrainian Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk has accused Russia of wanting to "eliminate" his country and restore the Soviet Union.
He said Ukraine was "in a stage of war" with the "key aggressor" being Russia.
Ukraine and Western countries accuse Russia of intervening on the side of pro-Russian rebels in eastern Ukraine. Russia denies this.
Meanwhile there are reports of heavy fighting near the airport in Donetsk, one of the main rebel-held cities.
The BBC's Paul Adams, in Donetsk, says the sound of gunfire has been clearly audible all morning.
For the most part it sounds like artillery, but multiple rocket launchers have also been in use, he says.
The airport is currently controlled by government forces, who have held out against the rebels since June.
Correspondents say this exchange of fire is the biggest challenge in days for a fragile ceasefire between government and rebel forces, which has been in place since 5 September.
Russian convoy
Mr Yatsenyuk said the goal of Russian President Vladimir Putin "is to take the entire Ukraine."
He said Nato was the "only vehicle" to protect Ukraine, although he added that he understood Ukraine could not join the alliance in the short term.
Also on Saturday morning, Russian customs officials said that a Russian aid convoy had crossed into eastern Ukraine.
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The BBC's Paul Adams: "People in Donetsk do not stray far from the bunkers - no one trusts the ceasefire"
A spokesman for the European security watchdog, the OSCE, told our correspondent that 220 Russian lorries had passed the border overnight and on Saturday morning - the majority of which were not inspected by either Ukraine or international observers.
Kiev and Western officials fear such convoys may contain military equipment to help the rebels, but Russia insists they contain essential humanitarian supplies such as generators, food and drink.
A similar convoy entered the country last month without Ukraine's permission, sparking condemnation from the US and the EU.
Mr Yatsenyuk's comments come after the US government imposed new sanctions on major Russian banks, defence and energy companies.
The measures are part of a joint effort with the European Union aimed at punishing Russia for what they say is its military intervention in Ukraine.
The Russian foreign ministry denounced the new sanctions as "another hostile step in line with the confrontational course" taken by the US, and promised retaliatory measures.
The sanctions announced on Friday mean that US citizens will not be able to provide loans lasting longer than 30 days to Sberbank, Russia's biggest bank.
They will also affect Rostec, a major technology and defence firm, and technology for Russia's oil industry.
Both the EU and US say the sanctions can be eased if progress is made on the ground towards peace.
Nato says Russia still has about 1,000 heavily armed troops in eastern Ukraine and about 20,000 more near the border.
Russia denies sending direct military help to the rebels, insisting that any Russian soldiers there are "volunteers".
More than 100 top Russian officials and rebel leaders in Ukraine are subject to EU and US visa bans and asset freezes.
The US sanctions block support or technology for Arctic and offshore exploration by five Russian energy firms - Gazprom, Lukoil, Rosneft, Surgutneftegaz and Transneft.
Rosneft was already listed under a previous round of sanctions and is included in the EU sanctions list.
Russia has ambitious plans for Arctic oil exploration. Western partners including ExxonMobil and BP are already involved in multi-billion-dollar projects in Siberia.
The EU sanctions also block the export of oil services and deep-water technology. Transneft is also on the EU list, along with Gazprom Neft, the oil unit of gas giant Gazprom.
Their access to financial markets will be restricted - a serious matter for Rosneft, which last month asked the Russian government for a $42bn (£25.2bn) loan.
In the EU and US, big Russian state-owned banks are now barred from getting loans with a maturity longer than one month.
Are you in eastern Ukraine? Email your experiences to haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk
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