The Justice Department also sought to attach faces to the disaster, filing manslaughter charges against two BP rig supervisors and obstruction charges against a BP executive who allegedly lied to Congress. The three are not covered by the BP settlement.
"I hope this sends a clear message to those who would engage in this wanton misconduct that there will be a penalty paid," Attorney General Eric H. Holder Jr. said during a news conference in New Orleans on Thursday.
The two top-ranking BP supervisors on the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig — Robert M. Kaluza, 62, of Henderson, Nev., and Donald J. Vidrine, 65, of Lafayette, La. — were indicted on 23 counts, including involuntary and seaman's manslaughter, for allegedly ignoring warning signs of the blowout that set fire to the rig, which later sank.
A separate indictment accused David Rainey, a former BP vice president, of hiding information from Congress and lying to law enforcement officials by understating the rate at which oil was gushing into the Gulf of Mexico. Rainey, 58, was BP's deputy incident commander and BP's second-highest-ranking representative at the Coast Guard's unified command for the spill response.
"Make no mistake: While the company is guilty, individuals committed these crimes," said Assistant Attorney General Lanny A. Breuer, head of the criminal division. Of the two rig supervisors, Breuer said: "In the face of glaring red flags indicating that the well was not secure, both men allegedly failed to take appropriate action to prevent the blowout."
Lawyers for the individuals said they would fight the charges.
Separately, the London-based oil giant will pay $525 million over three years to settle claims with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which said the firm concealed information from investors.The settlement is subject to U.S. federal court approval.
BP said it would increase its existing $38.1 billion charge against earnings for the spill by $3.85 billion.
BP and the Justice Department failed to agree on a separate settlement of federal civil claims, including federal and state claims of damages to natural resources. BP said it is "prepared to vigorously defend itself against remaining civil claims." Clean Water Act fines alone could total $5 billion to nearly $20 billion depending on whether BP is found to be guilty of gross negligence or willful misconduct.
But the settlement resolves all criminal charges. BP agreed to plead guilty to 11 felony counts of "misconduct or neglect of ships' officers." Jane Barrett, an environmental law professor at the University of Maryland, said the seaman's manslaughter statute, first passed in 1838 in response to steam boat accidents, has a lower threshold for guilt including "misconduct, negligence or inattention to duties."
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